Topic: Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Human Swine Influenza - use of Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
Description
Information for patients regarding the use of Oseltamivir (trade name: Tamiflu)
Introduction
Swine influenza ("Swine flu") is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by a type A Influenza virus. Swine flu viruses do not normally infect humans, however, human infections with swine flu has occurred in the past, and recent cases of human-to-human spread of this virus have recently been confirmed. These are now known as Human Swine Influenza.
The most useful antiviral medications for treating and preventing infection with influenza are the group of drugs called the neuraminidase inhibitors - oseltamivir (trade name: Tamiflu) and zanamivir (trade name: Relenza). Queensland Health has access to Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) stocks for the control of any outbreak of this illness.
How do these medications work?
These medications (Neuraminidase inhibitors) prevent the influenza virus from spreading inside your body. If started within 48 hours of the first symptoms of influenza, these medications can reduce the severity of symptoms, and can reduce the time taken to recover from illness..
What are these medications used for?
Treatment
Tamiflu can be used for treating people aged 1 year or older, who are infected with the Swine influenza virus. This medication is most effective if it is started within 48 hours (2 days) of starting to feel unwell. The earlier it is started after the onset of symptoms, the more effective it is. In certain cases where there is severe illness requiring hospitalisation treatment may be considered after this time.
Prevention
These medications can be used to lessen the risk of developing Human Swine influenza in those who have been exposed to people who have recently become ill with influenza. Tamiflu can be used to prevent influenza in people aged 12 months and older.
What is the dosage?
Tamiflu comes as a capsule for adults, and as a suspension for children, which should be taken by mouth. The dosage in adults without severe kidney problems is:
= one 75mg capsule twice a day for 5 days when used to treat influenza, or
= one 75 mg capsule once a day when used to prevent getting influenza (for at least 10 days after the last exposure).
Who should NOT take these medications?
You should not take Tamiflu if you are allergic to this medication, or to any of the medication ingredients. Before starting treatment, tell your doctor about other medications you may be taking. You should also tell your doctor if you are pregnant or have any chronic or serious illnesses, in particular if you have kidney disease, as special precautions may be needed. Tamiflu cannot be used by patients on dialysis.
What are common side-effects of taking these medications?
Overall, this drug is very safe. The commonest side effects are nausea, vomiting and other gastrointestinal symptoms. These affect less than 1 in 10 people, most often the first time the medication is taken. Taking the medication with food may help to reduce or prevent these side effects. If you notice any other side effects or if you have any concerns about possible side effects, please talk to your doctor.
Can I take other medications at the same time?
Tamiflu is generally safe to take with other medications, but you should still make sure that your doctor knows about any other medications you are taking.
What if I am pregnant or breast-feeding?
If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, tell the person prescribing you the medication before stating the course of medication. Tamiflu is a relatively new medication, and its safety during pregnancy or breast-feeding is not completely understood. The benefits and risks of these medications should be discussed with your health care provider.
For more information
Please refer to the full Product Information for further details, or talk to your doctor.
Last Updated: 11th May, 2010
Date Valid to: 31st December, 2010
